mirror of https://github.com/OpenIPC/wiki.git
Add internet forwarding tutorial
wildcapuchino
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## AIO Mario firmware update over usb via internet forwarding
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This method will work on Linux due to specific network commands. The key idea is to use the local PC as a network bridge betwen AIO board ethernet interface and your local internet interface.
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## Steps
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1. Connect AIO Mario to USB
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2. Identify your PC address. On your local PC run:
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```bash
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ip -c a
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...
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3: enx00e099fead02: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
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link/ether 00:e0:99:fe:ad:02 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
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inet 192.168.1.11/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global noprefixroute enx00e099fead02
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valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
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inet6 fe80::de74:78fc:9af0:f031/64 scope link noprefixroute
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valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
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```
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Here: `192.168.1.11` is my local PC address on AIO ethernet interface.
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3. Connect to AIO Mario over ssh. On PC:
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```bash
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ssh root@192.168.1.10
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```
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4. List AIO routes. On AIO run:
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```bash
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root@openipc-ssc338q:~# route -n
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Kernel IP routing table
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Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
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192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
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```
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5. We need to add a route to our local PC, so traffic could get route over. On AIO run:
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```bash
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root@openipc-ssc338q:~# route add default gw 192.168.1.11 eth0
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```
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Here: `192.168.1.11` is the local PC address.
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6. Verify that route was added correctly:
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```bash
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root@openipc-ssc338q:~# route -n
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Kernel IP routing table
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Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
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0.0.0.0 192.168.1.11 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
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192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
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```
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7. On the local PC we need to forward all the traffic from `enx00e099fead02` AIO Mario ethernet interface to our local connection.
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This can be `wlp2s0` for wifi. To check the interface name, on the local PC run again:
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```bash
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ip -c a
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2: wlp2s0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default qlen 1000
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link/ether f8:34:41:af:55:37 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
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inet 192.168.1.8/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global noprefixroute wlp2s0
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valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
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inet6 fe80::8d6a:f2f6:c850:cf9d/64 scope link noprefixroute
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valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
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```
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Here: `wlp2s0` is my internet connection, it could be also `eth0` on other setups.
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8. Traffic forwarding. Create a bash script `~/forward.sh`:
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```bash
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#!/bin/bash
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# Get the interface name of the wireless card by stdin
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# $1 is the interface name of the AIO card
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USB_AIO=$1
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echo $1
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sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i $USB_AIO -o wlp2s0 -j ACCEPT
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sudo iptables -A FORWARD -i wlp2s0 -o $USB_AIO -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
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sudo iptables --table nat -A POSTROUTING -o wlp2s0 -j MASQUERADE
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```
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This script will receive as input `$1` the AIO ethernet interface, and forward the traffic to `wlp2s0`. You can change `wlp2s0` accordingly
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9. Run the script on your local PC:
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```bash
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chmod u+x ./forward_red.sh
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sudo ./forward_red.sh enx00e099fead02
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```
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Here: `enx00e099fead02` is AIO ethernet interface.
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10. On AIO Mario we need to configure DNS servers. Edit `/etc/resolv.conf` and add:
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```
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nameserver 8.8.8.8
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nameserver 8.8.4.4
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```
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11. Test internet acces. On AIO run `ping 8.8.8.8` and `ping openipc.org`:
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```bash
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root@openipc-ssc338q:~# ping 8.8.8.8
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PING 8.8.8.8 (8.8.8.8): 56 data bytes
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64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: seq=0 ttl=116 time=23.611 ms
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64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: seq=1 ttl=116 time=28.683 ms
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^C
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--- 8.8.8.8 ping statistics ---
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2 packets transmitted, 2 packets received, 0% packet loss
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round-trip min/avg/max = 23.611/26.147/28.683 ms
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root@openipc-ssc338q:~# ping openipc.org
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PING openipc.org (5.161.116.152): 56 data bytes
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64 bytes from 5.161.116.152: seq=0 ttl=51 time=290.381 ms
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64 bytes from 5.161.116.152: seq=1 ttl=51 time=207.881 ms
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64 bytes from 5.161.116.152: seq=2 ttl=51 time=232.049 ms
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^C
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--- openipc.org ping statistics ---
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3 packets transmitted, 3 packets received, 0% packet loss
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round-trip min/avg/max = 207.881/243.437/290.381 ms
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```
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12. Update firmware:
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```bash
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root@openipc-ssc338q:~# sysupgrade -r -k -n --force_ver
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OpenIPC System Updater v1.0.41
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Vendor sigmastar
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SoC ssc338q
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Kernel 03:35:18 2024-09-27
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RootFS master+d69195a, 2024-09-27
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Synchronizing time
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ntpd: setting time to 2024-09-28 00:05:42.525372 (offset +73821.493151s)
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Sat Sep 28 00:05:42 GMT 2024
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Checking for sysupgrade update...
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Same version. No update required.
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Stop services, sync files, free up memory
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Stopping crond: OK
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Stopping ntpd: OK
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Stopping klogd: OK
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Stopping syslogd: OK
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...
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```
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